Root Canal Treatment

What is Root Canal Treatment and When is it Needed?

02 Jun

Root Canal Treatment (RCT), also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental procedure designed to treat infection at the centre of a tooth (the root canal system). Despite its fearsome reputation, it is no more uncomfortable than getting a filling and can save a tooth that would otherwise require extraction.

Anatomy of a Tooth: Why RCT Is Needed

Each tooth contains a soft inner tissue called the pulp, which houses nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The pulp extends from the crown of the tooth down through root canals to the tip of the root. When the pulp becomes infected or inflamed due to deep decay, a crack, or trauma, it must be removed to prevent spreading infection.

When Is Root Canal Treatment Needed?

  • Severe toothache, especially when chewing or applying pressure
  • Prolonged sensitivity to hot or cold even after the source is removed
  • Darkening (discolouration) of the tooth
  • Swelling and tenderness in nearby gums
  • A persistent pimple on the gums (dental abscess)
  • Deep decay or a cracked tooth that has reached the pulp

What Happens During RCT?

Your endodontist will numb the area with local anaesthesia, place a rubber dam to keep the area dry, remove the pulp, clean and shape the canals, fill them with a rubber-like material (gutta-percha), and seal the tooth. A crown is usually recommended afterwards.

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